If an increase of an equal percentage in all factors of production increases output of the same percentage, then a production function has the property called:

The concept of constant returns to scale refers to a situation in production where increasing all inputs by the same proportion results in an increase in output by the same proportion. In other words, if doubling all inputs leads to a doubling of output, or increasing all inputs by 10% results in a 10% increase in output, the production function is said to exhibit constant returns to scale.

This property is significant in analyzing how efficiently a firm can produce goods as it scales its operations. Under constant returns to scale, firms can expand their production without losing efficiency, which is an essential aspect of understanding long-run production capabilities.

In contrast, increasing returns to scale would imply that a proportional increase in inputs leads to a more than proportional increase in outputs, which does not apply in this scenario where the increase in output is exactly proportional to the increase in inputs. This distinction is crucial for understanding the nature of production functions in macroeconomic theory.